| New Bulgarian University > | Center for Cognitive Science > | Summer Schools > | 2000 > | Course Description |
John Gabrieli
Stanford University
This course surveys current theory and findings about the functional neural architecture of human learning and memory. Multiple forms of memory are considered, including declarative (or explicit) memory, implicit memory (skill learning and repetition priming), and working memory. The lectures review major findings about the brain bases of these forms of memory drawn from experimental analyses of patients with memory disorders, such as global amnesia, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. Also reviewed are related functional neuroimaging findings from studies using positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Finally, there is consideration of how memory systems change across the life span, from childhood through old age.
1. Declarative/Explicit Memory
Required Readings
Gabrieli, J. D. E. (1998). Cognitive Neuroscience of Human Memory. Annual Review of Psychology, 49, 87-115.
Gabrieli, J. D. E., Brewer, J. B., Desmond, J. E., and Glover, G. H. (1997). Separate neural bases of two fundamental memory processes in the human medial temporal lobe. Science, 276, 264-266.
Brewer, J. B., Zhao, Z., Desmond, J. E., Glover, G. H., and Gabrieli, J. D. (1998). Making memories: brain activity that predicts how well visual experience will be remembered. Science, 281, 1185-1187.
Optional Readings
Milner, B., Squire, L. R., and Kandel, E. R. (1998). Cognitive neuroscience and the study of memory. Neuron, 20, 445-468.
2. Procedural Memory/Skill Learning
Required Readings
Cohen, N. J., and Squire, L. R. (1980). Preserved learning and retention of pattern-analyzing skill in amnesia: Dissociation of knowing how and knowing that. Science, 210, 207-210.
Karni, A., Meyer, G., Jezzard, P., Adams, M. M., Turner, R., and Ungerleider, L. G. (1995). Functional MRI evidence for adult motor cortex plasticity during motor skill learning. Nature, 377, 155-158.
Poldrack, R. A., Desmond, J.E., Glover, G.H., Gabrieli, J.D.E. (1998). The neural basis of visual skill learning: An fMRI study of mirror reading. Cerebral Cortex, 8, 1-10.
3. Implicit Memory/Repetition Priming
Required Readings
Schacter, D. L., and Buckner, R. L. (1998). Priming and the brain. Neuron, 20, 185-195.
Gabrieli, J. D. E., Fleischman, D. A., Keane, M. M., Reminger, S. L., and Morrell, F. (1995). Double dissociation between memory systems underlying explicit and implicit memory in the human brain. Psychological Science, 6, 76-82.
4. Working Memory
Required Readings
Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1987). Circuitry of primate prefrontal cortex and regulation of behavior by representational memory. In Handbook of Physiology- The Nervous System V (ed. F.Plum), pp.373-417. Oxford University Press, New York.
Baddeley, A. (1995). Working Memory. In The Cognitive Neurosciences (Ed. M.S. Gazzaniga) (pp. 755-764) MIT Press, Cambridge.
D'Esposito, M., Aguirre, G. K., and Zarahn, E. (1998). Functional MRI studies of spatial and non-spatial working memory. Cognitive Brain Research, 7, 1-13.
5. Changes in Memory Across the Life Span
Required Readings
Gabrieli, J. D. E. (1996). Memory systems analyses of mnemonic disorders in aging and age-related diseases. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, United States of America, 93, 13534-13540.
Vaidya, C. J., Austin, G., Kirkorian, G., Ridlehuber, H. W., Desmond, J. E., Glover, G. H., and Gabrieli, J. D. E. (1998). Selective effcets of methyphenidate in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A functional magnetic resonance study. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Unites States of America, 95, 14494-14499.
Small Groups
Participants will discuss current controversies
and debates on selected issues from each lecture.
Assignments
Participants wishing to get credit for this
course should write a paper on a topic related to memory systems.
John Gabrieli is an Associate Professor in the Psychology Department and Neuroscience Program at Stanford University. He received a B.A. in English from Yale University in 1978, and a Ph.D. in Behavioral Neuroscience from MIT in 1987. He was a postdoctoral fellow in the Psychology Department at Harvard and an Assistant Professor in the Psychology Department at Northwestern University prior to his arrival at Stanford in 1990. His research examines normal memory processes via behavioral experiments and functional neuroimaging. He also studies disorders of memory in amnesia, Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. Recent findings have been published in such journals as Science, Nature, and Journal of Neuroscience. He won the American Psychological Association Division 40 Robert A. and Phyllis Levitt Early Career Award in Neuropsychology in 1996 for his research.