Collective Behavior: Experiments and Models


Robert Goldstone

Department of Psychological and Brain Science, Program in Cognitive Science

Indiana University

 

This course will explore research on the cognitive science of collective behavior. The focus will be on laboratory experiments of: collective resource allocation, imitation and exploitation, diffusion of innovations, group coordination, and group decision making. We will discuss agent-based computational models that can explain, organize, and predict the results of the experiments. A tutorial on the programming environment Netlogo will be presented, both as a tool for building computational models of group behavior and for conducting group behavior experiments and demonstrations. The course is intended to give scientists from economics, psychology, computer science, sociology, or anthropology an introduction to collective behavior from a cognitive science perspective.

 

 

Day 1.          Collective Behavior as a Complex System

 

Day 2.          Introduction to Netlogo as a Language for Building Computational Models in Social Science

 

Day 3.          Collective Search in Concrete and Abstract Spaces: Foraging, Collective Problem Solving, and Path Formation

 

Day 4.          The Collective Consequences of Exploration and Exploitation, Imitation, Social networks, Spread of Innovations in Social Networks, Experiments on Common Pool Resources

 

Day 5.          Group Decision Making, Distributed Cognition, Group Influence at Societal Scales (Scholarly Citations, Baby Names), Group Selection, Swarm Intelligence


Required readings:


Goldstone, R. L., & Janssen, M. A. (2005). Computational models of collective behavior. Trends in Cognitive Science, 9, 424-430. Download

Macy, M. W., & Willer, R. (2002). From factors to actors: Computational sociology and agent-based modeling. Annual Review of Sociology, 28, 143-166. Download

Mason, W. A., Jones, A., & Goldstone, R. L. (2008). Propagation of innovations in networked groups. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. Download

Watts D. J. and Strogatz S. H. Collective dynamics of 'small-world' networks. Nature 393, 440-442 (1998). Download

Netlogo Programming Manual: http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/docs/

Optional readings:


Dyer, J. R. G, Ioannou, C. C., Morrell, L. J., Croft, D. P., Couzin, I. D., Waters, D. A., & Krause, J. (2008). Consensus decision making in human crowds. Animal Behavior, 75, 461-470. Download

Goldstone, R. L., & Roberts, M. E. (2006). Self-organized trail systems in groups of humans. Complexity, 11, 43-50. Download

Goldstone, R. L., Roberts, M. E., & Gureckis, T. M. (2008). Emergent Processes in Group Behavior. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17, 10-15. Download

Hahn, M. W., & Bentley, R. A. (2003). Drift as a mechanism for cultural change: An example from baby names. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, 270, S120-S123. Download

Kearns, M., Suri, S., & Montfort, N. (2006). An experimental study of the coloring problem on human subject networks. Science, 313, 824-827.

Kennedy, J., & Eberhart, R. C. (2001). Swarm intelligence. San Francisco, CA: Morgan Kaufmann. Download


Additional Resources


http://cognitrn.psych.indiana.edu/rgoldsto/bulgaria09/collbehav.html

 

Programming exercises


The exercises accompanying this course are designed to give participants exposure to Netlogo for computational modeling, and to the package Hubnet for creating collective behavior experiments and experiences. No programming experience is required. The necessary software can be downloaded from http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/.

 

Assessment


Students will be given a choice between creating a Netlogo model of a social system, a Netlogo collective behavior experiment, or a written paper describing how a social system would be modeled.

 

Robert Goldstone

 

Since 1991 when he received a Ph.D. in psychology from University of Michigan, Robert Goldstone has been a professor in the Psychological and Brain Sciences Department and Cognitive Science Program at Indiana University. His research interests include concept learning and representation, perceptual learning, collective behavior, and computational modeling of human cognition. He was awarded two American Psychological Association (APA) Young Investigator awards in 1995 for articles appearing in Journal of Experimental Psychology, the 1996 Chase Memorial Award for Outstanding Young Researcher in Cognitive Science, a 1997 James McKeen Cattell Sabbatical Award, the 2000 APA Distinguished Scientific Award for Early Career Contribution to Psychology in the area of Cognition and Human Learning, and a 2004 Troland research award from the National Academy of Sciences. He was the executive editor of Cognitive Science from 2001-2005, associate editor of Psychonomic Bulletin & Review from 1998-2000, and associate editor of Cognitive Psychology and Topics in Cognitive Science from 2007-2008. He was elected as a fellow of the Society of Experimental Psychologists in 2004, and a fellow of the Cognitive Science Society in 2006. In 2006 he became a Chancellor's professor and Director of the Indiana University Cognitive Science Program.